TheĀ murder of Rachael AndersonĀ occurred on January 28, 2018, inĀ Columbus, Ohio.[1][2]Ā Anderson, a twenty-four-year-old aspiringĀ funeral director,[3]Ā wasĀ kidnapped,Ā raped, andĀ murderedĀ by Anthony Pardon in her apartment on her birthday.[4][5][6][7]
Pardon, aĀ registered sex offender[7]Ā with an extensiveĀ criminal history, left Andersonās body in her bedroom closet where she was discovered the next day. A significant amount ofĀ evidenceĀ linked Pardon to the crime, including cellphone data andĀ DNA.[8]Ā He wasĀ arrested[9]Ā andĀ chargedĀ with Andersonās murder.[10]
He wasĀ convictedĀ in 2020 and sentenced toĀ life in prisonĀ without the possibility ofĀ parole.[8][11]
Victim
Rachael Nicoletta Anderson was born on January 28, 1994, to William āBillā Anderson and Patricia āTrishā Anderson (nĆ©e Sprecacenere) inĀ Warren, Ohio.[12]Ā In 2012 she graduated fromĀ Warren G. Harding High School[13]Ā where she was part of theĀ National Honor Society, played soccer and volleyball and was in band.[14]Ā Anderson, who wanted to become a funeral director, attendedĀ Youngstown State UniversityĀ where she majored in prerequisites forĀ mortuary scienceĀ and made theĀ Deanās List. She then attended theĀ Cincinnati College of Mortuary Science, graduating in 2016 with aĀ Bachelorās degreeĀ in Mortuary Science.[15]Ā While in mortuary school,[12]Ā she worked at the Naegele-Kleb-IhlendorfĀ Funeral Home. Anderson, who was a member of the Ohio Funeral Directors Association,[1]Ā moved to Columbus where she began an apprenticeship at the Shaw Davis Funeral Home.[16][17]Ā At the time of her murder, Anderson was nearing the end of that apprenticeship, and, according to the funeral homeās manager, was going to be offered a job.[18]Ā Andersonās murder occurred on her twenty-fourth birthday.[19]Ā Anderson was buried at Pineview Memorial Park.[20]
Perpetrator
Anthony Pardon is aĀ recidivistĀ violentĀ offender andĀ sexual offenderĀ whose criminal history prior to Andersonās murder involves several rapes, including the rape of an infant and the rape of an eight-year-old girl, along with robbery, kidnapping, andĀ attempted murder.[22]Ā At the time of Andersonās murder, he had spent a total of thirty-three years inĀ prisonĀ for his crimes[23]Ā and was registered as a Tier III sex offender.[7]
According to Pardonās defense attorneys, he had an āabused (sic), dysfunctional, chaotic childhood.ā[24]Ā He was raised by his grandparents before living with his mother. He developedĀ conduct disorder[25][26]Ā andĀ antisocial personality disorder.[26]
Criminal history
In March 1979, Pardon, then fourteen, was temporarily committed to the Ohio Youth Commission after he raped an eight-year-old girl. In July of that year, he was made a ward of the Court and temporarily committed to Franklin County Children Services. And in December of that year, Pardon was found guilty ofĀ menacingĀ and permanently committed to the Ohio Youth Commission as well as being placed inĀ foster care.[22]
In 1980 Pardon was charged with raping a nine-month-old child.[27]Ā The victim of this rape was the son of PardonāsĀ foster parents.[22][28]Ā Pardon, who was fifteen when he committed the crime,[16][17]Ā was babysitting while his foster mother went out grocery shopping. He told ColumbusĀ policeĀ that he committed the crime because he was upset after having a fight with his girlfriend.[22]Ā Pardon wasĀ convicted of the crime as a juvenile.[29]
On November 13, 1981,[27]Ā Pardon, then sixteen, was allowed into the home of his girlfriendās thirty-nine-year-old mother to use her phone.[22][28]Ā He pulled aĀ butcher knifeĀ on her,[22]Ā raped her at knife point[30]Ā and stole one hundred dollars from her purse. He bound her hands and feet together, gagged her, and put her in the trunk of a car.[22]Ā He proceeded to drive her to Valley Dale,[30]Ā where he untied her feet and threw her intoĀ Alum Creek[22]Ā behind the Valley Dale Ballroom.[31]Ā When Pardon saw that the victim, who was partially clothed, was able to keep afloat, he went into the creek and held her head under the water.[22]Ā The woman survived after a good Samaritan intervened.[30]Ā Pardon left before police arrived and used the money he stole from the victim to buy tennis shoes and aĀ joggingĀ outfit.[22]
Pardon wasĀ tried as an adult,[28]Ā and in May 1982, at age seventeen, he was convicted ofĀ aggravatedĀ robbery, rape, and attempted murder[22]Ā inĀ Franklin County, Ohio.[7]Ā Pardon was sentenced to five to twenty-five years in prison.[32]Ā He was originally sent to theĀ Ohio State ReformatoryĀ inĀ MansfieldĀ but was transferred to theĀ Lebanon Correctional InstitutionĀ and later to theĀ Southern Ohio Correctional FacilityĀ inĀ Lucasville.[33]Ā While in prison he acquired several disciplinary infractions, including possessingĀ weapons, setting fire to a mattress, and fighting.[33]Ā He ultimately spent more than twenty-four years in prison for the crime and was released in November 2006.[22]
Pardon was declared a sexual predator in 1999.[30]
Pardon moved toĀ GeorgiaĀ in 2006 or 2007 and applied for a maintenance job under a false name.[34]Ā In 2007 he was charged withĀ forgeryĀ and failure to register as a sex offender in Georgia.[16][30]Ā He was convicted of these offenses inĀ Floyd County, Georgia[31]Ā and spent nine years in prison for them.[23]Ā He was also given twenty years ofĀ probation[27]Ā and was required to wear aĀ GPSĀ ankle monitor and pay for all expenses.[31]
In 2017 Pardon was released from prison,[35]Ā returning toĀ OhioĀ in June of that year through anĀ interstate compactĀ agreement between Ohio and Georgia.[36]Ā He was monitored by the Adult Parole Authority and required to check in with theĀ Sheriffās Department every ninety days.[27]Ā Ohioās Adult Parole Authority did not give him a monitor, as a judge had requested, because of the length of time spent monitoring and āthe expense issue.ā[37]Ā On August 21, 2017, Pardon was caught with aĀ prostituteĀ in his car. Though he told police he was giving her a ride, the woman confirmed to local news that he was interested in sexual activity.[27]Ā At 4:00 AM on January 27, 2018, he was caught driving without a license.[38]Ā During that stop, he was found to have a pocket knife, a kitchen knife, and a pellet gun. He was not arrested.[27]
Background
Anderson celebrated her twenty-fourth birthday on January 26 and January 27, 2018. On the 26th her brother John came from Warren to Columbus to stay with her. The next day, Anderson and her brother went to the home of their friend John Kennedy. There, the Andersons, the Kennedys and other friends had a party to celebrate Andersonās birthday. The Anderson siblings spent the night at the Kennedyās house and came back to Andersonās home on the 28th. Anderson worked on both the 26th and 27th. During the times she was at work she gave her brother her key so that he could come and go as he wanted. On the 28th John Anderson went back to Warren and accidentally took the key with him.[39]Ā At around 1:00 PM Anderson texted the Kennedys, who owned a key to her home, and said that she would come and pick up their key. Because they were giving a friend a ride toĀ Athens, Ohio, she had to come and get the key later when they returned home.[40]Ā Later that day, at 6:17 PM, Anderson texted the Kennedys saying she would leave in twenty minutes to come and get the key.[39]Ā She spoke to her mother at around 6:30[40]Ā and then went and got her key from the Kennedys.[41]Ā Because her apartment door could only be locked from the outside with a key, Anderson had to leave it unlocked. She stopped at an Arbyās on the East Side at around 7:30[42]Ā and then went home.[39]
Crimes
Pardon entered Andersonās apartment at about 8:00 pm.[43]Ā He kidnapped Anderson, taking her from the downstairs of her apartment to the upstairs.[44]Ā He restrained her, tying her feet and ankles together with the cord from her hairdryer and binding her hands with her belt and cords from her blinds. He then wrapped the cord from Andersonās curling iron between the hairdryer cord and over her wrists,Ā hogtyingĀ her.[45]Ā He also gagged her.[5]Ā Pardon forced Anderson to tell him herĀ PIN number.[46]Ā He also tortured her[47]Ā and raped her.[6][48]
Pardon strangled Anderson with the cord from an electric blanket. In addition to beingĀ asphyxiated,[42]Ā Anderson also sufferedĀ blunt traumaĀ and aĀ stab woundĀ in her head.[2][49]
Pardon placed Anderson into her bedroom closet. He left her there,[7][26]Ā naked from the waist down[50]Ā and with the electric blanket cord tied around her neck and the door knob.[42]
After murdering Anderson, Pardon stole her car.[51]Ā He also took herĀ credit cardĀ andĀ debit cardĀ and used them at several stores in Columbus. He gave his sister the debit card[52]Ā and went shopping with her.[53]Ā Pardonās sister later learned that the card belonged to a murder victim when she watched the news.[52]
Pardon also gave the debit card to a homeless man named Anthony Sleets,[51]Ā claiming that his girlfriend was trying to take his money after a falling out,[53]Ā and offered to buy Sleets a hotel room if he used the card.[51]Ā Pardon gave Sleets Andersonās PIN number[54]Ā and drove Sleets to several ATMs.[53]
Investigation
On January 29, Anderson failed to come to work or answer her phone.[6]Ā The office supervisor of Shaw Davis Funeral Home asked a coworker who was out doing deliveries, to go to Andersonās apartment to check on her. He went to Andersonās home and when she failed to respond, he went to the rental office and explained the situation. Because neither Andersonās co-worker nor employees at the rental office were allowed to enter Andersonās home, her co-worker contacted police. Police responded and had the rental agent inspect Andersonās apartment, but the rental agent did not locate Anderson.[55]
Afterward, Andersonās former roommate gave her friend Johnathan Kennedy permission to inspect the apartment. Kennedy entered Andersonās bedroom, which he found out of place.[41]Ā HeĀ testifiedĀ that he tried to look in the closet but when he tried to pull the door open it felt like something was pulling it back.[55]Ā When he was able to open the closet door, he found Andersonās body. He tried to help her but realized she was dead[41]Ā and went outside and notified officer Frank Sclafani.[56]
Investigators responded, finding Andersonās bound body partially wrapped in a comforter.[57]Ā There was also a shirt wrapped around her head and a black clothing item knotted around her neck and shoved into her mouth.[58]
AnĀ autopsyĀ performed on Andersonās body determined that she had been strangled and stabbed.[13]Ā She suffered aĀ lacerationĀ to her scalp and fractures in the base of her skull. The stab wound went through the back of her neck[59]Ā and penetrated the leftĀ cerebral hemisphereĀ andĀ internal capsuleĀ of her brain.[49]Ā Anderson was stabbed with so much force that part of herĀ skullĀ broke off.[60]Ā The autopsy also revealed that Anderson was strangled with the cord from an electric blanket[42]Ā and that the strangulation led her to sufferĀ hemorrhagesĀ in herĀ sternocleidomastoid musclesĀ and eyelids and caused the vessels in her eyes to become overfilled with blood.[49]Ā Additionally, it showed that Anderson had bruises andĀ red marksĀ on her ankles and wrists, indicating that she was alive when Pardon bound her.[49]
TheĀ coronerĀ who performed Andersonās autopsy found that Andersonās death was caused by the stab wound to her head and neck, though the coroner who testified at the trial said had he performed the autopsy, he might have ruled that she died ofĀ ligature strangulation.[49]
PardonāsĀ DNAĀ was found on several parts of Andersonās body and at the crime scene. Investigators also found his DNA inside her body when they performed aĀ rape kit.[42][61]
Location service apps and Pardonās email account on his phone allowed investigators to collect data showing where his phone was located at various times.[8]Ā Data showed that he was at Andersonās apartment from 7:59 to 9:25 PM on January 28, 2018.[62]Ā After police discovered that Andersonās debit card was missing, they examined bank records.[63]Ā Using cell phone data, they matched Pardonās whereabouts to the use of her card.[64]Ā Surveillance videoĀ also showed Pardon and his sister using Andersonās debit card, as well as Pardon using Andersonās credit card[52]Ā and driving her car.[51]Ā Investigators also spoke to Anthony Sleets after video footage showed him using her card.[63]Ā Sleets told them that a man matching Pardonās description gave it to him[51]Ā though by the time Pardon became aĀ suspect, Sleets had died.[54]Ā Video showed Pardon and Sleets driving Andersonās car hours after she was murdered.[51]
The nine-inch steak knife used to stab Anderson was found two weeks after the murder in a box in her apartment by her mother.[2]
Criminal proceedings
Pardon was arrested on February 9, 2018,[9]Ā in the Linden neighborhood[30]Ā byĀ SWATĀ officers. He was held inĀ jailĀ on a five million dollarĀ bond.[22]Ā On February 15, a Franklin CountyĀ Grand JuryĀ indicted Pardon on nine counts including aggravatedĀ burglary, aggravated robbery,Ā kidnapping, rape, andĀ aggravated murder. The indictment also included death penalty specifications, as well as repeat violent offender, sexually violent predator and repeat attempted murder specifications.[65]Ā He was formallyĀ arraignedĀ on February 20 and pleaded not guilty on all charges.[10]
On June 19 Pardon was supposed to appear inĀ courtĀ for a pre-trial hearing but refused to do so, accusing Franklin CountyĀ District AttorneyĀ Ron OāBrien of creating a āsideshowā and indicating that he didnāt want to be āparadedā in front of news cameras.Ā JudgeĀ Stephen McIntosh, hisĀ court reporter,Ā prosecutors, and Pardonās defense attorneys visited him in his holding cell but he still refused to participate in the hearing.[23]
In December 2019, Pardon sent a handwritten letter toĀ WBNS-TVĀ claiming that he didnāt kill Anderson. Pardon, who wrote that he ādidnāt kill anyoneā and that āthis case is only because of my pastā (sic), claimed that he knew Anderson and that they got high together. OāBrien said that Pardon would have known that Anderson hadĀ THCĀ in her system because he had access to information from her autopsy throughĀ discovery. OāBrien also said that there was no evidence that Anderson knew Pardon and that Pardonās letter was a tactic to delay the trial and a ādesperate act.ā[66]
On January 24, 2020, Pardon dismissed his attorneys,[38]Ā despite urges from Judge McIntosh not to do so. McIntosh warned him of the perils ofĀ representing himself[67]Ā and asked him a series of questions about self-representation. Pardon said that he understood what he was doing.[68]Ā His former attorneys, Isabella Dixon and Larry Thomas, were to serve as standby attorneys in case he decided he wanted legal representation.[38]Ā According to Thomas, Pardon was unhappy with his representation.[38]Ā However, on January 27, Pardon decided not to represent himself. January 27 was also the start ofĀ jury selection.[69]
Trial
TheĀ trialĀ began on Monday, February 4, 2020. FourĀ witnessesĀ testified on the first day[43]Ā including Johnathan Kennedy, who discovered Andersonās body.[55]Ā Andersonās co-worker, and the manager of her apartment complex also testified.[55]Ā Jurors also heard from Officer Frank Sclafani, who was in his car outside the apartment when Kennedy discovered Andersonās body and saw his body camera footage.[56]
On February 5, Andersonās brother John and crime scene special agent Joshua Durst testified[2]Ā and on February 6, leadĀ detectiveĀ Art Hughes testified.[70]Ā Also on February 6, Pardon complained to the judge about his defense attorneys saying āIām not happy with this here at allā and asked for new lawyers.[71]
On Monday, February 10, prosecutors brought in a latent print examiner,[72]Ā and otherĀ expert witnessesĀ who explained how technology was used to place Pardon where AndersonāsĀ debit cardĀ was used and at the scene of the murder.[73]Ā Pardonās sister also testified that Pardon gave her Andersonās debit card.[74]
The last day of testi
mony was Tuesday, February 11. AĀ forensic scientistĀ testified that Pardonās DNA was found at the crime scene while aĀ forensic pathologistĀ and deputy coroner from the Franklin County Coronerās Office testified about Andersonās injuries.[75]Ā The defense did not call any witnesses.[61]
Closing argumentsĀ were held on February 12. Assistant Prosecutor Amy Van Culin gave the stateās initial closing argument, constructing a timeline of the crime[42]Ā and telling the jury that Pardon killed Anderson āafter and while heĀ trespassesĀ in her own home, her place of safety, the place where she sleeps, the place where she eats, the place where she comes home to relax.ā[76][77]Ā In the defenseās closing argument, Pardonās attorney Larry Thomas conceded that Pardon used Andersonās cards[42]Ā but argued that he was not responsible for the murder.[78]Ā He argued that the stateās case was based on speculation and that the DNA and cell phone evidence did not conclusively prove Pardonās guilt.[42]Ā He also suggested that Kennedy was involved.[78][44]Ā In the prosecutionāsĀ rebuttal, Franklin County Prosecutor Ron OāBrien[42]Ā argued that the defense was willing to admit that geolocation evidence showed Pardon used the stolen cards, but disregarded geolocation evidence about Pardonās whereabouts on the night of the murder.[44]
TheĀ jury, which consisted of four men and eight women,Ā deliberatedĀ for approximately six hours over two days before finding PardonĀ guiltyĀ of all charges, including aggravated burglary, aggravated robbery, kidnapping, rape, and aggravated murder.[8]
Pardon was eligible for the death penalty because he murdered Anderson during the course of aggravated burglary, kidnapping, aggravated robbery, and rape and because he has a prior conviction for purposefully attempted to kill another victim.[26]Ā Prosecutors sought the death penalty against Pardon due to his extensive criminal history, with OāBrien saying in 2018 āthere are some people who canāt conform their conduct to the law. And it at least is alleged that he is one of them.ā[31]
The sentencing phase of the trial began on February 18.[79]Ā The defense argued that the āmitigating factorsā such as Pardonās abusive and dysfunctional upbringing outweighed the aggravating circumstances of the crime,[80]Ā with Dixon saying āyouāre going to hear that this man from an abused, (sic) dysfunctional, chaotic childhood went from that dysfunction at sixteen and spent the rest of his life in prison.ā[24]Ā Prosecutors argued that the aggravating circumstances outweighed any mitigating factors and that Pardon knew what he was doing when he attacked Anderson[32][24]Ā with OāBrien saying āhe very well understood, the evidence shows, what he was doing. He was robbing, raping and hogtying Rachael Anderson on her birthday.ā[24]Ā OāBrien also told the jury that āat age fifty-three, as he (Pardon) made those choices as he raped, burgled, hog-tied Rachael Anderson, whatever happened in his childhood deserves zero mitigation.ā[25]Ā Pardonās mother and sister,[24]Ā along with a psychologist[25]Ā and his former elementary school teacher testified for the defense.[24]
On February 19, Pardon delivered a thirteen-minute unsworn statement to jurors,[81]Ā discussing his abusive childhood. He also spoke about his troubles after he left prison, saying āwhen I got out there (prison) nobody gave me nothing.ā He claimed that āthe systemā failed him, saying āthe prison system failed me, social services failed me. Everybody,ā[82]Ā and told jurors that his abusive father and āthe systemā made him āwho I am today.ā[81]Ā During his statement, he did not speak directly about Andersonās murder orĀ apologizeĀ for it, though he did say that he āmade a lot of bad choices in my life. You can blame me for that.ā[81][82][83]
Prosecutor Jennifer Rausch responded to Pardonās statement in closing arguments, citing Pardonās poor choices and criminal history and saying āat some point, it is not our fault, as he suggested. That is not your fault. This is not my fault. This is not the systemās fault. This is his fault.ā[81]Ā OāBrien also responded to Pardonās statement, arguing in the stateās rebuttal that it was all about him and how others caused him not to be responsible for his crimes.[84]Ā He also claimed that Pardon showed noĀ remorseĀ and criticized him for not apologizing.[81]
On February 20, after deliberating for three and a half hours[85]Ā the jury deadlocked on whether to recommend the death penalty and recommended a life-without-parole sentence.[86]
Sentencing occurred on March 16, 2020. Both of Andersonās parents gaveĀ victim impact statements, with her father calling Pardon āan animal who stalked and preyed on our beautiful daughter.ā[87]Ā Andersonās father also said in his statement: āOver the past few years I have watched him make demands and have temper tantrums as though he was owed something. During the trial, he complained how the system had failed him. If anyone should be complaining it is our family. The system definitely failed Rachael. The department of corrections system failed to keep him on a leash and let him walk free in society. The state highway patrol system failed to protect our daughter by giving him a slap on the wrist and a free ride home the day before he brutally murdered her.ā In Andersonās motherās impact statement, she told the court āitās frustrating to know the horrors of what was done in his early life and the families that were destroyed prior to oursā and said to Pardon āyou stole my daughterās life. You will suffer for it in your new block walls and bars.ā[11]Ā She also stated āmy daughter is Rachael Nicoletta Anderson. She is not case number 19CR00769.ā[87]Ā Additionally, Andersonās mother expressed disapproval of the fact that the money she made from working that she pays in taxes will support Pardon in prison.[11]
Judge McIntosh sentenced Pardon to one life without parole sentence for aggravated murder and another life without parole sentence for rape.[87]Ā Pardon was also given an additional sixty-three years in prison for aggravated burglary, kidnapping, and aggravated robbery charges and repeat violent offender specifications. The sentences are to be served consecutively.[11]